Beginner’s Guide to Applied Structural Equation Modeling

Barbara M. Byrne, Ottawa, Canada

The purpose of this proposed workshop is to present a nonmathematical introduction to the underlying rationale and essential concepts associated with structural equation modeling (SEM). The workshop is structured around the presentation of generically-labeled models completely void of notation specific to any particular SEM computer program.  As such, participants are able to focus their attention on the basics of the methodology, without the added complexity of program notation. Working from these basic models, participants are then shown how to decompose each model into a series of linear structural equations which serve, ultimately, to specify any hypothesized model. To demonstrate the linkage between basic SEM concepts and SEM in practice, two confirmatory factor analytic and one full structural equation models are discussed in detail. The factor analytic models represent hypothesized structure bearing on (a) a theory and (b) a measuring instrument; the full SEM model represents hypothesized causal structure among variables comprising a nomological network. Finally, addressing comments and suggestions received from former participants of this workshop, a live demonstration of the computer process involved in testing the validity of a factor analytic model will be presented. Specifically, participants will be shown: (a) how to structure an input file manually, interactively, and graphically, within the framework of the EQS program and, (b) the related output file  in both tabular and graphical format. To minimize note-taking, thereby permitting participants to direct their full concentration on the material being presented and discussed, a copy of all slides is included in the handout.

Although this workshop is designed for researchers having no knowledge of SEM methodology, a basic knowledge of multiple regression is recommended. In addition, some knowledge of factor analysis may be helpful, but is certainly not necessary for an understanding of the material presented.